Стоте години на киното изглеждат така, сякаш притежават формата на житейски цикъл: неизбежно раждане, стабилно натрупване на успехи и начало, през последното десетилетие, на един позорен, необратим упадък. Не че вече е невъзможно да се очакват филми, на които човек може да се възхищава. Но такива филми трябва да бъдат не само изключения – това е вярно и за великите постижения във всяко изкуство. Те трябва да бъдат и реални нарушения на нормите и практиките, които управляват сега киноиндустрията навсякъде в капиталистическия и така наречен капиталистически свят – тоест навсякъде. А обикновените филми, филмите направени просто за развлекателни (тоест комерсиални) цели, са удивително бездушни; огромното множество от тях пропадат оглушително в опитите да се харесат на своите цинично планирани аудитории. И докато смисълът на един велик филм днес, повече от всякога, е в това да бъде единствено по рода си постижение, комерсиалното кино се задоволява с политиката на едно оядено, вторично кинопроизводство, с една безсрамна комбинация от ре-комбиниращо изкуство, в надеждата за възпроизвеждане на минали успехи. Киното, някога възхвалявано като изкуството на 20-ти век, изглежда сега, когато векът приключва числено, като декадентско изкуство.
А може би онова, което е приключило, е не толкова самото кино, колкото кинофилията – името на онзи много специфичен вид любов, която киното вдъхновяваше. Всяко изкуство поражда своите фанатици. Но любовта, която вдъхваше киното, беше много специална. Тя беше породена от убеждението, че киното е изкуство, различаващо се от всяко друго: най-чисто модерно; особено достъпно; поетично, мистериозно, еротично и морално – и всичко това едновременно. Киното имаше своите апостоли. (То беше като религия.) Киното беше кръстоносен поход. За кинофилите, филмите обхващаха всичко. Киното беше едновременно книгата на изкуството и книгата на живота.
Както много хора са забелязали, началото на кинопроизводството преди сто години е вече, по един удобен начин, двойно начало. Около 1895 г. бяха направени два вида филми, появиха се два модуса на онова, което киното би могло да бъде: кино като копиране на реалния, неинсцениран живот (братята Люмиер) и киното като изобретение, измислица, илюзия, фантазия (Мелиес). Но това не е реално противопоставяне. Работата е там, че за онези първи зрители, самото възпроизвеждане на най-баналната реалност – братята Люмиер, филмиращи Пристигането на влака на гара Ла Сиота – вече беше едно фантастично преживяване. Киното започва в чудо – чудото, че реалността може да бъде копирана с такава непосредственост. Цялото кино е един опит да се увековечи и изобрети отново това усещане за чудо.
Всичко в киното започва с онзи момент, преди сто години, когато влакът пристига на гарата. Хората възприемат филмите сами по себе си по същия начин, по който публиката пищи от възбуда и действително се присвива когато влакът, както изглежда, се движи насреща. Чак докато появата на телевизията опразни киносалоните, човек се учеше (или се опитваше да научи) от ежеседмичното посещение в киното как да ходи, да пуши, да целува, да се бие, да скърби. Кината ви подсказваха как да станете атрактивни. Например: изглежда добре да се носи шлифер дори когато не вали. Но всичко, което отнасяхте в къщи, беше само част от по-голямото преживяване на потапянето в животи, които не бяха ваши. Желанието да се изгубите в животите … в лицата на други хора. Това е една по-голяма, по-всеобхватна форма на желание, въплътена във филмовото преживяване. Много повече от онова, което бихте одобрили за самите себе си, беше преживяването на капитулация, на повличане от онова, което се случва на екрана. Вие желаехте да бъдете отвлечени от филма – а да бъдеш отвлечен означаваше да бъдеш завладян от физическото присъствие на образа. Преживяването „да отидеш на кино“ беше част от всичко това. Да видиш един велик филм по телевизията не е същото като да си видял филма наистина. Не става дума само за измеренията на образа: несъизмеримостта между един по-голям от вас образ в киносалона и малкото изображение в кутията вкъщи. Условията за съсредоточаване и отдаване на внимание в домашна среда са радикално непочтителни към филма. Сега, когато филмът вече не притежава стандартен размер, домашните екрани могат да бъдат големи колкото стените на всекидневната или спалнята. Но вие все пак си оставате в една всекидневна или спалня. За да бъдете отвлечени, вие трябва да се намирате в киносалон, да седите в тъмното сред анонимни непознати.
Никакво количество оплаквания няма да съживи изчезналите ритуали – еротични, пленителни – на затъмнения салон. Смаляването на киното до атакуващи образи, както и безпринципната манипулация на образите (все по-бързи монтажи), за да се направят те по-впечатляващи, е създало едно лишено от тежест, повърхностно кино, което не изисква ничие пълно внимание. Образите днес се появяват във всякакъв размер и по най-различни повърхности: на екрана в киносалона, по стени в дискотеки или на огромни екрани над спортните арени. Самата повсеместност на подвижните образи постоянно подкопава стандартите, които хората някога са имали по отношение на киното като изкуство и като популярно развлечение.
В първите години по същество не е имало разлика между тези две форми. И всички филми от епохата на нямото кино – от шедьоврите на Фьояд, Грифит, Дзига Вертов, Пабст, Мурнау и Кинг Видор, до най-безличните мелодрами и комедии – са на много високо артистично ниво, сравнени с онова, което щеше да ги последва. С идването на звука създаването на образи изгубва по-голямата част от своята брилянтност и поетичност, а комерсиалните стандарти се затягат. Този начин на производство на филми – системата Холивуд – доминира кинопроизводството в продължение на около 25 години (грубо казано, от 1930 до 1955). Най-оригиналните режисьори, като Ерих фон Щрохайм и Орсън Уелс, биват надвити от системата и заминават на артистично заточение в Европа – където вече властва една повече или по-малко идентична анти-качествена система, с по-ниски бюджети; само във Франция през този период биват произведени голямо количество великолепни филми. След това, в средата на 1950-те, отново си пробиват път напредничави идеи, основаващи се на идеята за киното като занаят и положени основно от италиански филми от периода непосредствено след войната. Създадени са огромно количество оригинални, страстни филми с най-висока сериозност.
Именно в този специфичен момент от стогодишната история на киното ходенето на кино, говоренето за филми се превръща в страст за студенти и други млади хора. Човек вече се влюбва не само в актьорите, но и в самото кино. Кинофилията става нещо забележимо първо във Франция през 1950-те: неин форум става легендарното филмово списание Кинотетрадки (последвано от също толкова страстни списания в Германия, Италия, Великобритания, Швеция, САЩ и Канада). Нейни храмове, докато се разпространява из Европа и Америките, са множеството филмотеки и клубове, специализиращи се в представянето на филми от миналото и режисьорски ретроспективи. 1960-те и 1970-те са трескавото време на ходенето на кино, в които напълно обсебеният кинофил винаги се надява да намери място колкото се може по-близо до екрана, в идеалния случай по средата на третия ред. „Човек не може да живее без Роселини“, заявява напълно сериозно един от героите на Преди революцията (1964) на Бертолучи.
В продължение на около 15 години имаше нови шедьоври всеки месец. Колко далеч изглежда онази ера сега. Разбира се, винаги е имало конфликт между киното като индустрия и киното като експеримент. Но конфликтът не е такъв, че да направи невъзможно създаването на великолепни филми, понякога вътре, а понякога и извън киното на мейнстрийма. Сега вече балансът решително е наклонен в полза на киното като индустрия. Великото кино от 1960-те и 1970-те е напълно отречено днес. Още през 1970-те Холивуд вече плагиатства и прави банални нововъведенията в метода на разказване и монтаж, въведени от успешните нови европейски и вечно-маргинални независими американски филми. А след това идва катастрофалният възход на производствените разходи през 1980-те, който осигури налагането на индустриални стандарти при създаването и разпространението на филми в един далеч по-принудителен, този път глобален мащаб. Раздуването на производствените разходи означаваше, че филмите трябва незабавно да спечелят много пари, още в първия месец след пускането им в обръщение, ако искаха изобщо да бъдат печеливши – една тенденция, която отдаваше предпочитание на блокбастъра пред нискобюджетния филм, макар че повечето блокбастъри бяха провали и винаги се намираха няколко „малки“ филма, които удивяваха всички с привлекателността си. Времето което филмите прекарваха в обръщение, започна да става все по- и по-късо (също като времето, което книгите прекарваха по лавиците в книжарниците); много филми бяха конципирани още от самото начало директно за видео. Киносалоните продължаваха да изчезват – много градове вече нямат нито един – докато филмите се превърнаха основно в един от вариантите на оформящото определени навици домашно развлечение.
В тази страна снижаването на очакванията за качество и инфлацията на очакванията за печалба направиха буквално невъзможно за артистично амбициозни американски режисьори като Франсис Форд Копола и Пол Шрейдър да работят на най-доброто си равнище. В чужбина резултатът може да се види в меланхоличната съдба на някои от най-големите режисьори от последните десетилетия. Какво място е останало днес за един такъв индивидуалист като Ханс-Юрген Сиберберг, който напълно престана да прави филми, или за великия Годар, който сега прави филми за историята на киното, на видео? Вижте и някои други примери. Интернационализацията на финансирането, а следователно и на актьорския състав, бяха катастрофални за Андрей Тарковски в последните два филма от неговата изумителна (и трагично скъсена) кариера. И как ще намери Александър Сокуров пари, за да продължи да прави грандиозните си филми, при грубите условия на руския капитализъм?
Разбираемо е, че е изчезнала и любовта към киното. Хората все още обичат да ходят на кино, а някои хора все още очакват нещо специално, нещо необходимо от един филм. И великолепни филми все още биват произвеждани: Голи на Майк Лий, Ламерика на Джани Амиело, Съдба на Фред Келеман. Но едва ли днес ще намерите, поне сред младите, онази специфична кинофилска любов към филмите, която е не просто любов, но и определен вкус за филми (основаваща се на огромен апетит за гледане, отново и отново, на възможно най-много филми от славното минало на киното). Самата кинофилия вече се намира под нападение, като нещо ексцентрично, демоде, снобско. Защото кинофилията предпоставя, че филмите са уникални, неповторими, магически преживявания. Кинофилията ни казва, че холивудската версия на До последен дъх не може да бъде толкова добра колкото оригинала. Кинофилията не играе роля в ерата на хипериндустриалните филми. Защото кинофилията не може, чрез самия обхват и еклектизъм на своите страсти, да не поддържа идеята, че филмът е преди всичко един поетически обект; нито пък може да се сдържи да не насърчава хората, намиращи се извън филмовата индустрия, като художници и писатели, да желаят да правят и филми. А именно тази представа е нещото, което беше победено.
Ако кинофилията е мъртва, то мъртви са и филмите … независимо от това колко много филми, дори и много добри, ще продължават да бъдат правени. Ако киното може да бъде възкресено, то това може да стане единствено чрез раждането на един вид кино-любов.
Източник: цък
Пътуващи записки / notes of a traveller
Saturday, March 5, 2011
Thursday, March 3, 2011
What the Luddites Really Fought Against
Article by Richard Conniff
In an essay in 1984—at the dawn of the personal computer era—the novelist Thomas Pynchon wondered if it was “O.K. to be a Luddite,” meaning someone who opposes technological progress. A better question today is whether it’s even possible. Technology is everywhere, and a recent headline at an Internet hu-mor site perfectly captured how difficult it is to resist: “Luddite invents machine to destroy technology quicker.”
Like all good satire, the mock headline comes perilously close to the truth. Modern Luddites do indeed invent “machines”—in the form of computer viruses, cyberworms and other malware—to disrupt the technologies that trouble them. (Recent targets of suspected sabotage include the London Stock Exchange and a nuclear power plant in Iran.) Even off-the-grid extremists find technology irresistible. The Unabomber, Ted Kaczynski, attacked what he called the “industrial-technological system” with increasingly sophisticated mail bombs. Likewise, the cave-dwelling terrorist sometimes derided as “Osama bin Luddite” hijacked aviation technology to bring down skyscrapers.
For the rest of us, our uneasy protests against technology almost inevitably take technological form. We worry about whether violent computer games are warping our children, then decry them by tweet, text or Facebook post. We try to simplify our lives by shopping at the local farmers market—then haul our organic arugula home in a Prius. College students take out their earbuds to discuss how technology dominates their lives. But when a class ends, Loyola University of Chicago professor Steven E. Jones notes, their cellphones all come to life, screens glowing in front of their faces, “and they migrate across the lawns like giant schools of cyborg jellyfish.”
That’s when he turns on his phone, too.
The word “Luddite,” handed down from a British industrial protest that began 200 years ago this month, turns up in our daily language in ways that suggest we’re confused not just about technology, but also about who the original Luddites were and what being a modern one actually means.
Despite their modern reputation, the original Luddites were neither opposed to technology nor inept at using it. Many were highly skilled machine operators in the textile industry. Nor was the technology they attacked particularly new. Moreover, the idea of smashing machines as a form of industrial protest did not begin or end with them. In truth, the secret of their enduring reputation depends less on what they did than on the name under which they did it. You could say they were good at branding.
Continue reading here
In an essay in 1984—at the dawn of the personal computer era—the novelist Thomas Pynchon wondered if it was “O.K. to be a Luddite,” meaning someone who opposes technological progress. A better question today is whether it’s even possible. Technology is everywhere, and a recent headline at an Internet hu-mor site perfectly captured how difficult it is to resist: “Luddite invents machine to destroy technology quicker.”
Like all good satire, the mock headline comes perilously close to the truth. Modern Luddites do indeed invent “machines”—in the form of computer viruses, cyberworms and other malware—to disrupt the technologies that trouble them. (Recent targets of suspected sabotage include the London Stock Exchange and a nuclear power plant in Iran.) Even off-the-grid extremists find technology irresistible. The Unabomber, Ted Kaczynski, attacked what he called the “industrial-technological system” with increasingly sophisticated mail bombs. Likewise, the cave-dwelling terrorist sometimes derided as “Osama bin Luddite” hijacked aviation technology to bring down skyscrapers.
For the rest of us, our uneasy protests against technology almost inevitably take technological form. We worry about whether violent computer games are warping our children, then decry them by tweet, text or Facebook post. We try to simplify our lives by shopping at the local farmers market—then haul our organic arugula home in a Prius. College students take out their earbuds to discuss how technology dominates their lives. But when a class ends, Loyola University of Chicago professor Steven E. Jones notes, their cellphones all come to life, screens glowing in front of their faces, “and they migrate across the lawns like giant schools of cyborg jellyfish.”
That’s when he turns on his phone, too.
The word “Luddite,” handed down from a British industrial protest that began 200 years ago this month, turns up in our daily language in ways that suggest we’re confused not just about technology, but also about who the original Luddites were and what being a modern one actually means.
Despite their modern reputation, the original Luddites were neither opposed to technology nor inept at using it. Many were highly skilled machine operators in the textile industry. Nor was the technology they attacked particularly new. Moreover, the idea of smashing machines as a form of industrial protest did not begin or end with them. In truth, the secret of their enduring reputation depends less on what they did than on the name under which they did it. You could say they were good at branding.
Continue reading here
Rara music
Originating in Haiti, rara is a form of festival music used for street processions.
Associate Professor of Religion Elizabeth McAlister observes and analyses this phenomenon in Haiti culture in her book Rara!Vodou, Power, and Performance in Haiti and its Diaspora (University of California Press, 2002).
She teaches in American Studies and African American Studies. McAlister has published Rara, numerous articles and book chapters and produced three compilations of Afro-Haitian religious music: Rhythms of Rapture (Smithsonian Folkways, 1995), Angels in the Mirror, and the CD Rara that accompanies her first book.
Here you'll find interesting and exciting photos and videos about rara.
Associate Professor of Religion Elizabeth McAlister observes and analyses this phenomenon in Haiti culture in her book Rara!Vodou, Power, and Performance in Haiti and its Diaspora (University of California Press, 2002).
She teaches in American Studies and African American Studies. McAlister has published Rara, numerous articles and book chapters and produced three compilations of Afro-Haitian religious music: Rhythms of Rapture (Smithsonian Folkways, 1995), Angels in the Mirror, and the CD Rara that accompanies her first book.
Here you'll find interesting and exciting photos and videos about rara.
Myanmar's Young Artists and Activists
Article by Joshua Hammer
The New Zero Gallery and Art Studio looks out over a scruffy street of coconut palms, noodle stalls and cybercafés in Yangon (Rangoon), the capital of Myanmar, the Southeast Asian country formerly known as Burma. The two-story space is filled with easels, dripping brushes and half-finished canvases covered with swirls of paint. A framed photograph of Aung San Suu Kyi, the Burmese opposition leader and Nobel Peace Prize laureate who was released from seven years of house arrest this past November, provides the only hint of the gallery’s political sympathies.
An assistant with spiky, dyed orange hair leads me upstairs to a loft space, where half a dozen young men and women are smoking and drinking coffee. They tell me they’re planning an “underground” performance for the coming week. Yangon’s tiny avant-garde community has been putting on secret exhibitions in spaces hidden throughout this decrepit city—in violation of the censorship laws that require every piece of art to be vetted for subversive content by a panel of “experts.”
“We have to be extremely cautious,” says Zoncy, a diminutive 24-year-old woman who paints at the studio. “We are always aware of the danger of spies.”
Because their work is not considered overtly political, Zoncy and a few other New Zero artists have been allowed to travel abroad. In the past two years, she has visited Thailand, Japan and Indonesia on artistic fellowships—and come away with an exhilarating sense of freedom that has permeated her art. On a computer, she shows me videos she made for a recent government-sanctioned exhibition. One shows a young boy playing cymbals on a sidewalk beside a plastic doll’s decapitated head. “One censor said [the head] might be seen as symbolizing Aung San Suu Kyi and demanded that I blot out the image of the head,” Zoncy said. (She decided to withdraw the video.) Another video consists of a montage of dogs, cats, gerbils and other animals pacing around in cages. The symbolism is hard to miss. “They did not allow this to be presented at all,” she says.
The founder and director of the New Zero Gallery is a ponytailed man named Ay Ko, who is dressed on this day in jeans, sandals and a University of California football T-shirt. Ay Ko, 47, spent four years in a Myanmar prison following a student uprising in August 1988. After he was released, he turned to making political art—challenging the regime in subtle ways, communicating his defiance to a small group of like-minded artists, students and political progressives. “We are always walking on a tightrope here,” he told me in painstaking English. “The government is looking at us all the time. We [celebrate] the open mind, we organize the young generation, and they don’t like it.” Many of Ay Ko’s friends and colleagues, as well as two siblings, have left Myanmar. “I don’t want to live in an abroad country,” he says. “My history is here.”
Myanmar’s history has been turbulent and bloody. This tropical nation, a former British colony, has long worn two faces. Tourists encounter a land of lush jungles, golden pagodas and monasteries where nearly every Burmese is obliged to spend part of one year in serene contemplation. At the same time, the nation is one of the world’s most repressive and isolated states; since a military coup in 1962, it has been ruled by a cabal of generals who have ruthlessly stamped out dissent. Government troops, according to witnesses, shot and killed thousands of students and other protesters during the 1988 rebellion; since then, the generals have intermittently shuttered universities, imprisoned thousands of people because of their political beliefs and activity, and imposed some of the harshest censorship laws in the world.
In 1990, the regime refused to accept the results of national elections won by the National League for Democracy (NLD) Party led by Aung San Suu Kyi—the charismatic daughter of Aung San, a nationalist who negotiated Myanmar’s independence from Britain after World War II. He was killed at age 32 in 1947, by a hit squad loyal to a political rival. Anticipating the victory of Suu Kyi’s party, the junta had placed her under house arrest in 1989; she would remain in detention for 15 of the next 21 years. In response, the United States and Europe imposed economic sanctions that include freezing the regime’s assets abroad and blocking nearly all foreign investment. Cut off from the West, Myanmar—the military regime changed the name in 1989, though the U.S. State Department and others continue to call it Burma—fell into isolation and decrepitude: today, it is the second-poorest nation in Asia, after Afghanistan, with a per capita income of $469 a year. (China has partnered with the regime to exploit the country’s natural gas, teak forests and jade deposits, but the money has mostly benefited the military elite and their cronies.)
The younger generation has been particularly hard hit, what with the imprisonment and killing of students and the collapse of the education system. Then, in September 2007, soldiers shot and beat hundreds of young Buddhist monks and students marching for democracy in Yangon—quelling what was called the Saffron Revolution. Scenes of the violence were captured on cellphone video cameras and quickly beamed around the world. “The Burmese people deserve better. They deserve to be able to live in freedom, just as everyone does,” then Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice said in late September of that year, speaking at the United Nations. “The brutality of this regime is well known.”
Continue reading here
The New Zero Gallery and Art Studio looks out over a scruffy street of coconut palms, noodle stalls and cybercafés in Yangon (Rangoon), the capital of Myanmar, the Southeast Asian country formerly known as Burma. The two-story space is filled with easels, dripping brushes and half-finished canvases covered with swirls of paint. A framed photograph of Aung San Suu Kyi, the Burmese opposition leader and Nobel Peace Prize laureate who was released from seven years of house arrest this past November, provides the only hint of the gallery’s political sympathies.
An assistant with spiky, dyed orange hair leads me upstairs to a loft space, where half a dozen young men and women are smoking and drinking coffee. They tell me they’re planning an “underground” performance for the coming week. Yangon’s tiny avant-garde community has been putting on secret exhibitions in spaces hidden throughout this decrepit city—in violation of the censorship laws that require every piece of art to be vetted for subversive content by a panel of “experts.”
“We have to be extremely cautious,” says Zoncy, a diminutive 24-year-old woman who paints at the studio. “We are always aware of the danger of spies.”
Because their work is not considered overtly political, Zoncy and a few other New Zero artists have been allowed to travel abroad. In the past two years, she has visited Thailand, Japan and Indonesia on artistic fellowships—and come away with an exhilarating sense of freedom that has permeated her art. On a computer, she shows me videos she made for a recent government-sanctioned exhibition. One shows a young boy playing cymbals on a sidewalk beside a plastic doll’s decapitated head. “One censor said [the head] might be seen as symbolizing Aung San Suu Kyi and demanded that I blot out the image of the head,” Zoncy said. (She decided to withdraw the video.) Another video consists of a montage of dogs, cats, gerbils and other animals pacing around in cages. The symbolism is hard to miss. “They did not allow this to be presented at all,” she says.
The founder and director of the New Zero Gallery is a ponytailed man named Ay Ko, who is dressed on this day in jeans, sandals and a University of California football T-shirt. Ay Ko, 47, spent four years in a Myanmar prison following a student uprising in August 1988. After he was released, he turned to making political art—challenging the regime in subtle ways, communicating his defiance to a small group of like-minded artists, students and political progressives. “We are always walking on a tightrope here,” he told me in painstaking English. “The government is looking at us all the time. We [celebrate] the open mind, we organize the young generation, and they don’t like it.” Many of Ay Ko’s friends and colleagues, as well as two siblings, have left Myanmar. “I don’t want to live in an abroad country,” he says. “My history is here.”
Myanmar’s history has been turbulent and bloody. This tropical nation, a former British colony, has long worn two faces. Tourists encounter a land of lush jungles, golden pagodas and monasteries where nearly every Burmese is obliged to spend part of one year in serene contemplation. At the same time, the nation is one of the world’s most repressive and isolated states; since a military coup in 1962, it has been ruled by a cabal of generals who have ruthlessly stamped out dissent. Government troops, according to witnesses, shot and killed thousands of students and other protesters during the 1988 rebellion; since then, the generals have intermittently shuttered universities, imprisoned thousands of people because of their political beliefs and activity, and imposed some of the harshest censorship laws in the world.
In 1990, the regime refused to accept the results of national elections won by the National League for Democracy (NLD) Party led by Aung San Suu Kyi—the charismatic daughter of Aung San, a nationalist who negotiated Myanmar’s independence from Britain after World War II. He was killed at age 32 in 1947, by a hit squad loyal to a political rival. Anticipating the victory of Suu Kyi’s party, the junta had placed her under house arrest in 1989; she would remain in detention for 15 of the next 21 years. In response, the United States and Europe imposed economic sanctions that include freezing the regime’s assets abroad and blocking nearly all foreign investment. Cut off from the West, Myanmar—the military regime changed the name in 1989, though the U.S. State Department and others continue to call it Burma—fell into isolation and decrepitude: today, it is the second-poorest nation in Asia, after Afghanistan, with a per capita income of $469 a year. (China has partnered with the regime to exploit the country’s natural gas, teak forests and jade deposits, but the money has mostly benefited the military elite and their cronies.)
The younger generation has been particularly hard hit, what with the imprisonment and killing of students and the collapse of the education system. Then, in September 2007, soldiers shot and beat hundreds of young Buddhist monks and students marching for democracy in Yangon—quelling what was called the Saffron Revolution. Scenes of the violence were captured on cellphone video cameras and quickly beamed around the world. “The Burmese people deserve better. They deserve to be able to live in freedom, just as everyone does,” then Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice said in late September of that year, speaking at the United Nations. “The brutality of this regime is well known.”
Continue reading here
Photo essay for Myanmar/Burma
Brief introduction:
Burma, also known as Myanmar, is ruled by a military junta which suppresses almost all dissent and wields absolute power in the face of international condemnation and sanctions.
Politics: Burma has been under military rule since 1962; the regime stifles almost all dissent. The first elections for 20 years were held in November 2010.
Economy: Burma is one of Asia's poorest countries; its economy is riddled with corruption.
Facts:
Official name: Republic of the Union of Myanmar (previously Union of Myanmar; Union of Burma )
Population: 50.5 million (UN, 2010)
Capital: Nay Pyi Taw
Largest city: Rangoon (Yangon)
Major languages: Burmese, indigenous ethnic languages
Major religions: Buddhism, Christianity, Islam
Contemporary artists in Myanmar: Aung Myint, Nay Myo Say, Tin Win, Phyu Mon etc
TIN WIN
Artist Tin Win has recently begun to combine eastern and western artistic influences. Trained in the fine arts at Mandalay State School of Fine Arts, he was influenced by the British watercolorists who helped launch modern painting in Myanmar years ago under British rule. In addition, Tin Win developed a strong interest in the antiquities of his homeland, and has studied them in detail. After years of contemplation, and observations on changes in Myanmar society, the artist created this series of works, entitled "Beyond..."
In a sense, this series of works embodies the sentiments expressed by many progressive people in Myanmar today. This art reflects on the delicate balance of embracing modernity while holding on to cultural traditions. If one views traditions as fixed in time, and modernization as progression, then perhaps the phrase "Beyond" is indicative of a more subtle confluence, or mediation, between these two forces.
"Bringing the traditional and modern together helps me look at the world in a very different way. In bringing these together I don't loose contact with the past. In my works there is, I believe, a universal message. One sees a connection with other ancient cultures. The development of these connections is expressed through universal elements, such as coins, seals, terra-cotta figures and craft works."
Win has a particular interest in the art and culture of the Pyu period (2nd/3rd to 8th century AD) and the Pagan period (particularly the 11th to 13th centuries AD.) From these he has drawn such symbols as Ganesh, nadi Bull, silver coins, Kinnari, Vishnu, Lakshmi, and Buddha heads as well as sitting Buddhas and the use of gold leaf, which is common in traditional Myanmar religious and temple architecture.
The geometric background surfaces function like color fields. Filled with muted colors they rest in harmony and reflect those colors frequently found in traditional Myanmar crafts, especially lacquerware. The abstract surface texture recalls the tangled webs of Jackson Pollock or the gestural expressions found in traditional Chinese ink paintings. Be it subject matter, context, or technique, the juxtaposition of east and west exists in totality within Win's works.
AUNG MYINT
"The art scene here has certainly changed. Myanmar has opened up to the world compared to only 12 years ago. In fields such as communications and technology, and in business, the younger generation is moving ahead with blessing of their old mentors. Globalization is catching up with us, which means we must be in step, or at least not far behind."
"Today I look at social, political and economic issues, not only for my country but for all countries. I would like to express their sufferings and feelings. So my subjects are simple but sometimes my works are confused. It depends upon conditions."
Moving in a different direction, the "Mother & Child" series are an exercise in planned spontaneity. A meditative exercise, Myint conceived of the drawings in his head, yet carried them out spontaneously with one continues line. The goal was to move his hand in a relaxed and free manner, to achieve a singular, flowing form. The results are bold, spare and direct.
This series of works, entitled "East & West", were also made on Shan paper, with a burst of spontaneity as their point of inception. Unlike "Mother & Child" though, these works are totally spontaneous, in a similar vein to Myint's abstract oil paintings. The underlying theme, of course, is the enigmatic relationship between eastern and western sensibilities.
NAY MYO SAY
Trained under master impressionist painter U Lun Gywe, Nay Myo Say learned all the rigors of drawing and painting. On these modernist foundations he formed a unique style, which have set him apart from others of his generation. These current works also show the diverse influences of traditional Myanmar arts and crafts, which have played an important role in his evolution as an artist.
In his Dancer series, Nay Myo Say has caught the essence of classical Myanmar dance. This dance form is characterized by swift, graceful choreography, executed between posed seconds where the body is held firm, shoulders arched back. By drawing with a strong leading line he captures the initial sense of anticipation, segued by the lyrical movements that follow.
At present the artist is working on a portrait series of old classical dancers. "In my research I came across many old photos of famous, and not so famous, dancers of the past. Their faces have a sincerity and openness, without posed expressions. There is a certain assured dignity to these portraits that I like a lot."
Chernobyl today: photo essay
Chernobyl is an abandoned city in northern Ukraine, in Kiev Oblast, near the border with Belarus. The city used to be the administrative center of the Chernobyl Raion since 1932.
The city was evacuated in 1986 due to the Chernobyl disaster at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant.
Though the city today is mostly uninhabited, a small number of people reside in houses marked with signs stating that the "Owner of this house lives here". Workers on watch and administrative personnel of the Zone of Alienation are stationed in the city on a long term basis. Prior to its evacuation, the city was inhabited by about 14,000 residents.
reference: here
more info and photos at: http://www.flickr.com/groups/chernobyl-2/pool/
http://firesuite.com/chernobyl
The city was evacuated in 1986 due to the Chernobyl disaster at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant.
Though the city today is mostly uninhabited, a small number of people reside in houses marked with signs stating that the "Owner of this house lives here". Workers on watch and administrative personnel of the Zone of Alienation are stationed in the city on a long term basis. Prior to its evacuation, the city was inhabited by about 14,000 residents.
reference: here
more info and photos at: http://www.flickr.com/groups/chernobyl-2/pool/
http://firesuite.com/chernobyl
Photography- Circulation(s)
A new annual exhibition of photography from young European talents is showing in Paris through March 20, 2011. The exhibition is titled 'Circulation(s)'.
Laura Serani (Italy-France) is the sponsor of Circulation's first edition. A curator of exhibitions and of audiovisual projects. Presently, she is the artistic co-director of les Rencontres de Bamako, African Biennial of Photography, and a former artistic director of Mois de la Photo 2008 in Paris. She regularly collaborates on different festivals and European institutions.
Here's some of the photos from the exhibition:
You can see other photos at: lensculture
Information about ' 'Circulation(s)': http://www.festival-circulations.com/
Laura Serani (Italy-France) is the sponsor of Circulation's first edition. A curator of exhibitions and of audiovisual projects. Presently, she is the artistic co-director of les Rencontres de Bamako, African Biennial of Photography, and a former artistic director of Mois de la Photo 2008 in Paris. She regularly collaborates on different festivals and European institutions.
Here's some of the photos from the exhibition:
A place to stay © Alessandro Imbriaco |
Mattettunin © Daprille Carmine Mauro |
Living Images © Lucie & Simon |
Information about ' 'Circulation(s)': http://www.festival-circulations.com/
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)